Furthermore, the integration of dry ports in the seaport system to deal with vessel size enlargement is expected to improve seaport accessibility through improved infrastructure and service quality as well as increased capacity and efficiency. In addition to that, terminal operators and seaport authorities are pushed into making significant investments in equipment and nautical accessibility in view of reducing or eliminating potential diseconomies of scale of such large units in the seaports Notteboom et al. Hence, welcoming larger vessels at Malaysian seaports will cause significant delays, limiting seaport activities, creating additional unsafe territories and congestion, and causing long dwelling times for containers. Transp Res A Policy Pract 39 5 — Information sharing can encourage effective inland-based freight distribution Monios
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