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ПОЛИТИЧЕСКИЕ ОТНОШЕНИЯ СТРАН ВЫШЕГРАДСКОЙ ГРУППЫ С РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИЕЙ: ОБЩНОСТЬ ИЛИ РАЗЛИЧИЯ ПОЗИЦИЙ? Текст научной статьи по специальности «Политологические науки»

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Gelif Tarihi: , Kabul Tarihi: , Yayin Tarihi: doi: h ttp://seafoodplus.info

VÏÇEGRAD GRUBU ÜLKELERiNiN RUSYA FEDERASYONU ÎLE SÏYASÏ ÏLÏÇKÏLERi: ORTAK YA DA

FARKLI POZiSYON? *

Orta Avrupa, jeopolitik önemi nedeni ile yillar boyunca büyük gûçler arasinda süren gûç mücadelesinin bir nesnesi konumunda yer almijtir. ikinci Dünya Savaji sonrasinda Sovyetler Birligi'nin kirk bej yil etkisi altinda kalan Orta Avrupa Devletleri, Demir Perde'nin çôkmesi ve Sovyetler Birligi'nin dagilmasi ile siyasal özgürlüklerine kavujmujtur. Bu Orta Avrupa Devletleri'nden ûç tanesi, daha dogrusu yilinda Çekoslovakya'nin, Çek Cumhuriyeti ve Slovakya olarak ayrilmasi ile dört tanesi, Vijegrad Grubu'nu olujturarak hem çejitli alanlarda birbirleri arasindaki ij birligini kuvvetlendirmij hem de yeni rotalari olan Avrupa entegrasyonunu hizli bir jekilde hayata geçirmijlerdir. Keza Avrupa Birligi ve NATO üyesi olarak Vijegrad Grubu ülkeleri, bu süreci bajariyla geçmij ve Avrupa-Atlantik yörüngesinin bir parçasi haline gelmijlerdi. Sovyetler Birligi'nin dagilmasindan sonra çejitli siyasal, sosyal ve ekonomik krizlerle ugrajan Rusya Federasyonu ise Putin'in liderliginde eski gücüne ve özgüvenine kavujmuj ve genij bir dij politika vizyonu ile tekrar önemli bir gûç haline gelmijtir. Uluslararasi sistemde yeniden pozisyon alan bu ülkeler arasindaki ilijki incelenmeye deger bir hal almijtir. Bu baglamda, çalijmamizda Vijegrad Grubu ülkeleri ile Rusya Federasyonu arasindaki ilijkiler analiz edilmijtir. Temel arajtirma problemi olarak Vijegrad Grubu ülkelerinin Rusya Federasyonu ile olan ilijkilerinde ortak bir politik pozisyon alip almadiklari ele alinmij ve bu ülkelerin politik pozisyonlari yansitilmaya çalijilmijtir. Çalijmamizda neoklasik realizmin teorik çerçevesinde bir yaklajim sergilenerek sadece uluslararasi sistem düzeyinde bir analiz yapilmamijtir. Ayrica ülkelerin iç dinamiklerinin uluslararasi sistem ile etkilejimi karjilajtirmali arajtirma metodu kullanilarak incelenmijtir.

Anahtar kelimeler: Rus dij politikasi, neoklasik realizm, Vijegrad Grubu, Rusya

Federasyonu, Orta Avrupa, Avrupa Birligi.

^ ^ ^

POLITICAL RELATIONS OF VISEGRAD GROUP COUNTRIES WITH THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION: COMMON OR DIFFERENT POSITION? Abstract

Due to its geopolitical importance, Central Europe has been an object of the power struggle

* Bu çaliçma hazirlanirken yardimlarini gordugum Dr. Alihan Limoncuoglu, Dr. Mahmut Mazlum ve Dr. Burak Tomak'a te§ekkur ederim.

a Doktora ogrencisi, Prague University of Economics and Business, Faculty of International Relations, Department of International and Diplomatic Studies, [email protected]

between the great powers for years. Central European States, which used to be under the influence of the Soviet Union for forty-five years after the Second World War, gained political freedom with the collapse of the Iron Curtain and the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Three of these Central European states, or to be more accurate four, after the division of Czechoslovakia into the Czech Republic and Slovakia in , formed the Visegrad Group, strengthening cooperation between each other in various fields and rapidly implementing new strategies for European integration. In other words, as members of the European Union and NATO, the Visegrad Group countries successfully went through this process and became a part of the Euro-Atlantic trajectory. However, Russian Federation, which dealt with various political, social, and economic crises after the collapse of the Soviet Union, has regained its former power and self-confidence under Putin's leadership and has become a significant power again with a broad foreign policy vision. Thus, the relationship between these countries, which took a new position in the international system, has become worth examining. In this context, the relations between the Visegrad Group countries and the Russian Federation were analyzed in our study. As the leading research problem on whether the Visegrad Group countries take a common political position in their relations with the Russian Federation was discussed and the political positions of these countries were tried to be reflected. In our study, as an approach within the theoretical framework of neoclassical realism was displayed, an analysis was not only made at the international system level but also an interaction between the internal dynamics of those countries with the international system was examined using the comparative research method.

Keywords: Russian foreign policy, neoclassical realism, Visegrad Group, Russian Federation, Central Europe, European Union.

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ПОЛИТИЧЕСКИЕ ОТНОШЕНИЯ СТРАН ВЫШЕГРАДСКОЙ ГРУППЫ С РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИЕЙ: ОБЩНОСТЬ ИЛИ РАЗЛИЧИЯ ПОЗИЦИЙ?

Аннотация

Ввиду своего особого геополитического значения Центральная Европа в течение многих лет была объектом борьбы за влияние между великими державами. Государства Центральной Европы, которые находились под влиянием Советского Союза в течение сорока пяти лет после Второй мировой войны, обрели политическую независимость с падением «железного занавеса» и распадом СССР. Три из этих о центральноевропейских государств, а впоследствии, после разделения Чехословакии g на Чехию и Словакию в году, четыре, сформировали Вышеградскую группу, ^ укрепляя сотрудничество друг с другом в различных областях, тем самым активно Й ° eS внедряя новые методы и приемы процессов европейской интеграции. Другими ой in © словами, как члены Европейского Союза и НАТО страны Вышеградской группы

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